Abstract: Turkey's domestic challenges and diplomatic predicaments are intertwined in the Syrian crisis. Turkey's policy towards Syria is facing multiple predicaments such as the failure of the policy of overthrowing Bashar al-Assad，the emergence of the Kurdish militia in Syria by taking a ride with the trends，the backfire of the“Islamic State”，the refugee problems，and diplomatic dilemmas. The very reasons are that the Justice and Development Party in Turkey is pursuing both Neo-Ottomanism and sectarianism，trying to reshape the order of the Middle East to compete for regional dominance by using Syria as a strategic fulcrum. The main internal causes include Turkey has misjudged the evolution of the Syrian crisis situation by overestimating its own strength and influence. The intricate gaming of extraregional powers and regional powers in Syria is the external cause that exacerbates the predicaments of Turkey's policy towards Syria. For Turkey's policy towards Syria to get out of the predicaments，it depends on the realist adjustments for diplomacy of the Justice and Development Party on the one hand; and it will also be influenced by the struggle of the United States and Russia in the Middle East，and the organizational factors of the Kurdistan and the“Islamic State”on the other hand.
Keywords: Turkey，the Syrian crisis，policy towards Syria，predicament
About the Authors: Both Li You and Wang Le are Assistant Research Fellows of the Research Center for Geopolitics of Central Asia at the School of Political Science and Public Administration，Xinjiang University．